# Membrane Transport in Bacteria --- [[Bacteria]] use several different methods of specialized **[[membrane transport#Active Transport|active transport]]**. Prokaryotes in general rarely use facilitated diffusion. ## Proton Motive Force To harness **[[hydrogen ion|proton]] motive force**, the bacteria uses energy to pump protons to one side of the membrane, and the cell can use the power of the protons getting back into the cell and lets the thing they want can hitch a ride with the protons. For example, the permease that transports lactose brings it into the cell along with a proton. Additionally some cells can "trade" a proton for something it doesn't want, like antimicrobial medications. ![[active transport - proton motive force.png]] ## ABC System: ATP-Binding Cassette **ATP-binding cassette (ABC)** he cell uses two different proteins to help move the thing it wants into the cell. The first protein is a *binding protein* that binds to the thing it wants. Then that binding protein comes over to the *transport protein*, or pore, and releases the thing into it. Then two ATP bind to the transport protein, donate their phosphate groups to further change the transport protein so it moves the molecule all the way in. ![[active transport - ABC.png]] ## Group Translocation (i.e. PEP Group Translocation) Using the **group translocation** method, the system will chemically modify the molecule as it's transported. For example, PEP might phosphorylate a molecule as it's transported through the protein pore. For example, this happens with glucose, which saves the first step of glycolysis. ![[active transport - group translocation.png]] ___